The spine, like any structure that performs a supporting function, inevitably wears out over time. High static and dynamic loads and local overloads of the especially mobile upper section segments lead to a decrease in regenerative capacity and the gradual degeneration of nearby cartilaginous and musculo-ligamentous structures. Between the ages of 30 and 35, almost all people show signs of cervical osteochondrosis to a greater or lesser extent. And while it is impossible to stop the irreversible process of biological aging, it is quite possible to stop it.
Diagnostics
For an objective assessment of the condition and the detection of degenerative-dystrophic changes in the cervical spine, radiation imaging methods are used:
- Simple spondylography (non-contrast X-ray study in frontal, lateral and oblique views)
- x-ray with functional tests
- MSCT (multislice computed tomography)
- Magnetic resonance
- Study spondylography of the upper spine is a traditional method of radiological diagnosis of cervical osteochondrosis. With its help, the state of the vertebral bodies is assessed, their shape, height, degree of deformation and displacement from each other are determined. In X-ray images, osteophytes, areas of illumination in foci of liquefaction of bone tissue, are visualized.
- Spondylography with functional tests is a study aimed at identifying signs of movement disorders. Radiography is performed with fixed maximal flexion and extension of the cervical spine.
- MSCT is a progressive alternative to X-rays. Bony structures, intervertebral discs, ligamentous apparatus, spinal canal, and spinal cord are visualized in more detail in multilayer images.
- Magnetic resonance imaging allows additional visualization of the cartilage layer and other soft tissues of the vertebral joints. The study is prescribed for severe neurological symptoms, to differentiate cervical osteochondrosis from acute intervertebral hernia.
Treatment of cervical osteochondrosis.
Treatment of osteochondrosis of the cervical spine is aimed at eliminating pain and slowing down the progression of the pathological process. It is carried out in two directions: limiting the impact of unfavorable factors and suppressing the mechanisms of the development of the disease.
Therapeutic and prophylactic measures that minimize the impact of the causative agents include:
- rational selection of work furniture
- use of orthopedic mattresses and pillows
- hearing, vision and posture correction
- using special fixation devices
- Restriction of work activities associated with a prolonged stay in a forced situation.
- adequate physical activity
- proper nutrition
There are many different methods of therapeutic correction designed to slow down the development of the degenerative process.
Massage for cervical osteochondrosis.
Massage procedures aimed at relieving inflammation and eliminating pain are included in the complex of mandatory therapeutic measures. The most effective types of neck massage:
- classic
- medical (manual)
- point (acupuncture)
- empty (canned)
- hardware
Thanks to massage techniques, local blood and lymphatic circulation is improved, tissue trophism is accelerated, muscle clamps are eliminated, neck tension is relieved, muscle tone and elasticity are improved.
Orthopedic collars
To fix the cervical spine in the correct position, special orthopedic devices (Shants collars) are used. Removable structures of various sizes, shapes and degrees of stiffness limit the usual pathological position of the head, control movement in the neck, reduce pressure on the spinal segments, warm and relax tense muscles, and prevent further disease progression .
The cervical collar for osteochondrosis is available in several modifications:
Soft medical foam splints.or other hypoallergenic porous materials have a notch for the chin and lower neck surfaces and retainers. They are used to correct minor disorders in the upper spine, keep the vertebrae in anatomically correct position, and relax the muscles of the shoulder girdle.
Pneumatic collars (inflatable)They are intended for pain prevention, gentle traction, and removal of vertebral artery compression.
Semi-rigid bandagesequipped with metal inserts reliably stabilize the intervertebral segments. They significantly limit the range of motion and contribute to the expansion of the spaces between the vertebral bodies.
Durable plastic rigid corsetsdesigned to fully immobilize the cervical spine in a neutral position. Prescribed in the later stages of the disease, accompanied by compression disorders.
The collar for osteochondrosis of the cervical spine is selected by the doctor taking into account the age, anatomical features and the stage of the degenerative process.
Manual therapy
Manual therapy aims to identify and eliminate blockages in the motor segments. A local dosing effect on the vertebral joints helps to normalize blood flow and blood supply to the brain, eliminates compression (pinching), and restores normal function of nerve fibers. The specific manipulations of the chiropractor allow you to achieve maximum relaxation, eliminate muscle spasms, cervicogenic headache derived from damage to the anatomical structures of the neck and tension headache.
Acupuncture
Acupuncture, which involves the installation of acupuncture needles at bioactive points on the neck and shoulder blades, focuses on restoring disturbed energy balance. By stimulating rapid contractions of sensitive nerve fibers and the release of endorphins and neurotransmitters, acupuncture for cervical osteochondrosis has a powerful anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. Thanks to this technique, numbness in the hands, dizziness, tinnitus, improves blood flow and optimizes mobility.
Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy for degenerative pathologies of the spine aims to relieve pain and stimulate recovery processes. The greatest therapeutic effect is provided by:
- UFO
- ultrasound treatment
Frequently asked questions
How to provide assistance during acute pain with osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine?
In case of sudden acute pain, it is necessary to repair the lower back. This will immobilize the spasmodic muscles and shift the load from them. Then, if possible, lay the patient on his back, placing a pillow under the bent knees. To reduce pain, you need to take a drug with analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect (NSAID). Also, you can use an ointment or gel based on diclofenac or its analogues, or apply a cold compress (no more than 10 minutes). It is very important to de-stress the spine and consult a doctor as soon as possible.
Is it possible to perform physical exercises for lumbar osteochondrosis?
Physical education for lumbar osteochondrosis is not only not prohibited, but is also recommended (with the exception of a period of acute pain). However, you need to be careful not to allow an axial load on the spine and categorically refuse to squat, jump and lift weights. The set of exercises must be selected by a specialist individually.